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25 Popular Linux IP Command Examples(How to check Linux IP Address)

In this article, we will look into 25 Popular Linux IP Command Examples and how to check Linux IP Address. If you are a Linux Professional then you might be aware of ifconfig command which is around from past many years as part of net-tools package. Similarly other net-tools packages command like route is also in use from quite sometime now. All these commands are now replaced by a new set of tools called iproute2. This packages provides ip command which can be used for achieving various network management tasks in Linux with some advance features over earlier set of commands. In this session, we will try to look the various usages of ip command.

Syntax

ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
ip [ -force ] -batch filename

25 Popular Linux IP Command Examples(How to check Linux IP Address) 1

Linux IP Command Examples

Also Read: 10 Useful iproute2 tools examples to Manage Network Connections in Linux

Example 1: Check Linux IP Command Version

If you want to check the Linux ip command version then you need to use ip -V command as shown below. As you can see from below output, ip utility is a part of iproute2-ss180813 package.

[root@localhost ~]# ip -V
ip utility, iproute2-ss180813

NOTE:

Please note that here I am using root user to run all the below commands.You can use any user with sudo access to run all these commands.For more information Please check Step by Step: How to Add User to Sudoers to provide sudo access to the User.

Example 2: Check Linux IP Address

If you want to check the ip address of all the network interfaces then you need to use ip addr sh command as shown below. This command output will give you multiple information about the network interface such as IPV4 Address, IPV6 Address, MAC Address, Broadcast Address, MTU Size etc.

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr sh
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:1a:91:9b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.103/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3
valid_lft 4543sec preferred_lft 4543sec
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe1a:919b/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Example 3: Check IP Rule List

If you want to check all ip rule list then you need to use ip rule list command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip rule list
0: from all lookup local
32766: from all lookup main
32767: from all lookup default

Example 4: Check IP Link Status

If you want to check the status of connected network interface then you need to use ip link show command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:1a:91:9b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

Example 5: Check Link Stats using Linux ip command

If you want to check the packet stats of all connected network interfaces then you need to use ip -s link command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
0 0 0 0 0 0
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:1a:91:9b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
63208631 46763 0 0 0 81
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
1192191 11813 0 0 0 0

Example 6: Check Routing Table using Linux ip command

If you want to check the current routing table then you need to use ip route show command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip route show
default via 192.168.0.1 dev enp0s3
192.168.0.0/24 dev enp0s3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.103

Example 7: Display State of Devices Continuously using Linux ip command

If you want to display state of devices in continuous screen then you need to use ip monitor command as shown below. This command is very useful in case of any network troubleshooting.

[root@localhost ~]# ip monitor
192.168.0.102 dev enp0s3 lladdr 28:16:ad:1c:43:46 REACHABLE
192.168.0.1 dev enp0s3 lladdr c4:6e:1f:49:44:7a STALE
192.168.0.102 dev enp0s3 lladdr 28:16:ad:1c:43:46 STALE
192.168.0.102 dev enp0s3 lladdr 28:16:ad:1c:43:46 PROBE
192.168.0.102 dev enp0s3 lladdr 28:16:ad:1c:43:46 REACHABLE

Example 8: Display MAC Addresses of the Connected System

If you want to display MAC addresses of all the connected system then you need to use ip neighbor command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip neighbor
192.168.0.102 dev enp0s3 lladdr 28:16:ad:1c:43:46 REACHABLE
192.168.0.1 dev enp0s3 lladdr c4:6e:1f:49:44:7a STALE

Example 9: Assign an IP Address to a network interface

If you want assign an ip address to a network interface then you need to use below ip addr add command. Here we are assigning IPv4 address 192.168.0.100 to interface enp0s3.

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr add 192.168.0.100 dev enp0s3

Example 10: Enable multicast feature on Network Interface

If you want to enable multicast feature on a network interface then you need to use below Linux ip command. In this example, we are enabling multicast feature on network interface enp0s3.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 multicast on

Example 11: Disable multicast feature on Network Interface

Similarly if you want to disable multicast feature on interface enp0s3 then you need to use ip link set enp0s3 multicast off command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 multicast off

Example 12: Change MTU Size using Linux ip command

If you want to change the Maximum Transmission Unit size for interface enp0s3 to 1200 then you need to use ip link set enp0s3 mtu 1200 command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 mtu 1200

Example 13: Change Packet Queue Length using Linux ip command

If you want to change the Packet Queue Length then you need to use below Linux ip command. In this example we are changing packet queue Length of enp0s3 network interface using ip link set enp0s3 txqueuelen 900 command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 txqueuelen 900

Example 14: Enable ARP Feature on the Network Interface using Linux ip command

If you want to enable ARP feature then you need to use below Linux ip command. In this example, we are enabling ARP feature using ip link set enp0s3 arp on command.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 arp on

Example 15: Disable ARP Feature on the Network Interface

If you want to disable ARP feature then you need to use below Linux ip command. In this example, we are disabling ARP feature using ip link set enp0s3 arp off command.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 arp off

Example 16: Rename Your Network Interface Using Linux ip command

If you want to rename your network interface then you need to use below Linux ip command. In this example, we are renaming our network interface enp0s3 to eth0 using ip link set enp0s3 name eth0 command.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set enp0s3 name eth0

Example 17: Check the Rule in multicast routing policy database

If you want to check the rule in multicast routing policy database then you need to use ip mrule show command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip mrule show
32767: from all lookup default

Example 18: Check the Neighbor Table Parameters and Statistics

If you want to check the neighbor table parameters then you need to use ip ntable show dev enp0s3 command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip ntable show dev enp0s3
inet arp_cache
dev enp0s3
refcnt 3 reachable 27511 base_reachable 30000 retrans 1000
gc_stale 60000 delay_probe 5000 queue 31
app_probes 0 ucast_probes 3 mcast_probes 3
anycast_delay 1000 proxy_delay 800 proxy_queue 64 locktime 1000

inet6 ndisc_cache
dev enp0s3
refcnt 1 reachable 33346 base_reachable 30000 retrans 1000
gc_stale 60000 delay_probe 5000 queue 31
app_probes 0 ucast_probes 3 mcast_probes 3
anycast_delay 1000 proxy_delay 800 proxy_queue 64 locktime 0

Example 19: Change the Number of Packets Queued

If you want to change the number of packets queued then you need to use the below ip ntable command. In this example we are changing arp_cache queue parameter value from 31 to 35 for interface enp0s3 using ip ntable change name arp_cache queue 35 dev enp0s3 command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip ntable change name arp_cache queue 35 dev enp0s3

Check if the number of packets has changed or not. More information can be checked on ip ntable man page.

[root@localhost ~]# ip ntable show dev enp0s3
inet arp_cache
dev enp0s3
refcnt 3 reachable 27511 base_reachable 30000 retrans 1000
gc_stale 60000 delay_probe 5000 queue 35
app_probes 0 ucast_probes 3 mcast_probes 3
anycast_delay 1000 proxy_delay 800 proxy_queue 64 locktime 1000

inet6 ndisc_cache
dev enp0s3
refcnt 1 reachable 33346 base_reachable 30000 retrans 1000
gc_stale 60000 delay_probe 5000 queue 31
app_probes 0 ucast_probes 3 mcast_probes 3
anycast_delay 1000 proxy_delay 800 proxy_queue 64 locktime 0

Example 20: Create a Tunnel Using Linux ip command

If you want to create a Tunnel in Linux then you need to use below ip tunnel command. In this example, we are creating a tunnel tunnel0 for peer 192.168.0.110 using ip tunnel add tunnel0 mode sit remote 192.168.0.110 command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip tunnel add tunnel0 mode sit remote 192.168.0.110

Check if the tunnel has created or not using ip tunnel show command.

[root@localhost ~]# ip tunnel show
sit0: ipv6/ip remote any local any ttl 64 nopmtudisc 6rd-prefix 2002::/16
tunnel0: ipv6/ip remote 192.168.0.110 local any ttl inherit 6rd-prefix 2002::/16

Example 21: Bring Up Tunnel in Linux

If you want to bring up the tunnel created in above example then you need to use ip link set tunnel0 up command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set tunnel0 up

Example 22: Bring down Tunnel in Linux

Similarly, If you want to bring down the tunnel then you need to use ip link set tunnel0 down command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set tunnel0 down

Example 23: Check Tunnel Status using Linux ip command

If you want to check the status of a tunnel then you need to use ip link show dev tunnel0 command to check tunnel0 status as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip link show dev tunnel0
4: tunnel0@NONE: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1480 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/sit 0.0.0.0 peer 192.168.0.110

Example 24 : Delete a Tunnel using Linux ip command

If you want to delete a tunnel then you need to use below ip tunnel command. In this example, we are trying to delete a tunnel tunnel0 using ip tunnel del tunnel0 command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip tunnel del tunnel0

Example 25: Check Other ip command options

If you want to check all the other options available with ip command then you need to use ip --help command as shown below.

[root@localhost ~]# ip --help
Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
ip [ -force ] -batch filename
where OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable |
tunnel | tuntap | maddress | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm |
netns | l2tp | fou | macsec | tcp_metrics | token | netconf | ila |
vrf }
OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] |
-h[uman-readable] | -iec |
-f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | mpls | bridge | link } |
-4 | -6 | -I | -D | -B | -0 |
-l[oops] { maximum-addr-flush-attempts } | -br[ief] |
-o[neline] | -t[imestamp] | -ts[hort] | -b[atch] [filename] |
-rc[vbuf] [size] | -n[etns] name | -a[ll] | -c[olor]}

 

 

 

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